Political conservatism was best explained by reduced strategic information processing, heightened response caution in perceptual decision-making paradigms, and an aversion to social risk-taking . These three predictors were consistently implicated in the general political conservatism factor, as well as the specific political-ideological orientations studied, such as nationalism, authoritarianism and social conservatism. These data-driven findings are remarkably congruent with existing theoretical and empirical accounts within political psychology and also add important insights. Firstly, the finding that political and nationalistic conservatism is associated with reduced strategic information processing (reflecting variables associated with working memory capacity, planning, cognitive flexibility and other higher-order strategies) is consistent with a large body of literature [2,5] indicating that right-wing ideologies are frequently associated with reduced analytical thinking [74,75] and cognitive flexibility [6,15,17]. Additionally, conservative political ideology was characterized by a diminished tendency to take social risks (figure 4 and electronic supplementary material, figure S4) such as disagreeing with authority, starting a new career mid-life and speaking publicly about a controversial topic. This corroborates research showing that political conservatives tend to emphasize values of conformity, ingroup loyalty and traditionalism [76–80]. These empirical consistencies between the current data-driven findings and past theory-motivated research endow the present line of work with further credibility.
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2020.0424#d1e1013
(study from researchers at the University of Cambridge)