Think of it this way. If the economy suddenly started adding 500,000 jobs a month, prices would go up. With 8 percent inflation and 2 percent unemployment, you can't curb inflation unless you're willing to tolerate some joblessless. With 2 percent inflation and 8 percent unemployment, you can't curb joblessness unless you're willing to tolerate some inflation. If millions of people get jobs, get their own places to live, start commuting, etc., the prices of some stuff will go up. If you want to keep prices low, you have to condemn the country to years more of mass unemployment.