Promoting players to the ML will not stunt growth if they play. The most important factor in development is playing time. So don't call him up to be a bench warmer, that will hurt his growth.
You could actually make the argument that, playing time being equal, a player may develop better at the ML level because he'll get the benefit of better coaches than the ones that will be in the minors.
Also, if a player has low patience, he could take a hit if you demote him back down to the minors after he's been up to the bigs. So basically, if you plan on playing the guy regularly and not demoting him, there's no harm to his development if he goes up to the show.