The true answer is sort of. It does not affect the other team, except that it does make them have more possessions, which will result in more fatigue on their part.
So if you play normal tempoo vs. a uptempto team, you will have more fatigue than if you played vs. the same team going slowdown. But you ave possession length would be the same, and it doesn't affect yourFG% or anything (at least if you controlled for the fatigue affect).
So going uptempo does indirectly affect the other team via fatigue, but it won't make them play faster or anything